LONG-RANGE RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SENSOR CONTROL BASED ON SINGLE-BOARD MICROCOMPUTERS WITH LORA

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the justification of the possibility of the use of a long-range radio communication system based on LoRa technology and single-board microcomputers for monitoring and controlling sensors. The paper considers the architecture of LoRaWAN networks, their advantages, in particular, energy efficiency, a large range and high reliability of data transmission. The features of LoRa wireless communication are analyzed, including operation in unlicensed ISM bands and the use of modulation methods such as CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum), which provides stable communication over long distances with low power consumption. The study includes a series of experiments to evaluate the system's performance in real-world conditions, in particular in hard-to-reach locations and over long distances. The test results demonstrated system effectiveness at distance up to 7 km with minimal data loss, although delays and packet losses occurred when the distance increased to 14 km. An improvement of the data transmission method is proposed to improve performance over long distances with increased transmitter power and the use of larger-capacity batteries. Options for increasing system performance are also considered, in particular, increasing transmitter power, using antennas with better characteristics, and implementing energy-efficient technologies. The research results demonstrate the system’s suitability for use in real-world conditions with a wireless signal range of 3–14 km, with the possibility of optimizing the developed hardware and software solution for long distances without loss of signal quality. The developed system is suitable for use in industries requiring remote monitoring, such as agriculture, industrial facilities, and intelligent city systems.