IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR ROAD TRANSPORT

Abstract

This paper presents the reasons for the increased level of automobile accumulators are given, the design of the start-charging device of increased reliability is considered. The most damaged nodes of the system of electrical equipment of motor vehicles are listed, the differentiation of elements from the standpoint of their structural reliability is shown, ways of increasing the reliability of the elements of the electrical equipment system are determined. It is shown that the main reasons for finding optimal modes of operation of vehicles electrical equipment are the economic factor, the impact on the environment, the need to reduce the dependence on the constant rise in price of petroleum products. Car lead acid batteries are starter batteries, that is, they do not involve deep discharge. As a result of the deep discharge of the battery on its plates, the phenomenon of sulfitation and shedding of the active mass. The longer the battery is discharged, the more active it becomes and the starter current decreases. Therefore, the issue of regular recharging of the battery and guaranteed starting of the internal combustion engine with a discharged battery is urgent. It is established that the causes of rapid discharge of the battery or reduction of its capacity may be the deviation of the electrolyte density from the recommended value, the sulfation of the plates and the shedding of their active mass, malfunction of the vehicle electrical equipment. Most serial chargers are not designed for starting a car engine, and specially designed models have a high price. The complexity and considerable volume of work on researching and predicting the reliability of the car electrical system requires the efforts of specialists, as well as the coordination and coordination of their activities by developing methodological recommendations first to address partial and then general issues of the problem. It is shown that quantitative indicators of the reliability of each element included in the system are of great importance when addressing issues related to the organization of maintenance, the establishment of overhaul terms and repair volumes of the car electrical system. The developed charger will reduce the time spent on starting the car engine during the cold period, as well as significantly increase the battery life due to its full charge.