MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF LOW-TEMPERATURE SEPARATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31471/1993-9981-2024-1(52)-74-88Keywords:
low-temperature separation, mathematical model, linearization, transfer functions, structural diagramAbstract
The gas extracted from the well contains impurities - oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, as well as condensate, heavy hydrocarbons butane propane and their derivatives. Before the gas is sent to consumers, it is purified. The gas purification process takes place in two stages; in the first stage, it is purified from mechanical impurities, and in the second stage, water, heavy hydrocarbons and condensate are removed from the gas. In the case when gas under high pressure (not less than 14 MPa) comes out of the well, an effective method of its purification is low-temperature separation, which is based on the Joule-Thomson effect. The essence of the Joule-Thomson effect is that the process of throttling natural gas causes its temperature to decrease to minus values. The condition for the effectiveness of the low-temperature separation process is compliance with the technological regulations, which are ensured by means of local automation, which performs the functions of stabilizing the parameters of the technological process. Existing automatic stabilization systems are single-loop and do not take into account the existence of cross-links between technological parameters, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the low-temperature separation process. Therefore, the aim of the work was to create a mathematical model of the low-temperature separation process, which made it possible to identify existing cross-links between technological parameters, which is the methodological basis for the synthesis of an effective separation process control system. Based on the law of conservation of mass and the regularities of the exchange of substances between the liquid and gas phases, mathematical models of statics and dynamics of the low-temperature separation process in terms of "input-output" were obtained. The mathematical model of the dynamics of the low-temperature separation process was linearized and the matrix transfer function of the object was obtained on its basis, which made it possible to formalize the channels of internal interactions between input and output values.
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